India’s vitality transition is at a defining second. This transition has been strengthened by a collection of focused coverage interventions and programme-level roll-outs, reflecting a coordinated and execution-focused strategy by the federal government. Flagship missions and schemes are transferring past bulletins to measurable outcomes, with progress seen throughout manufacturing, deployment, and demand creation. Towards this backdrop, Renewable Watch has collated the knowledge shared by Shripad Yesso Naik, Union Minister of State for Energy and New and Renewable Power in written replies to the Rajya Sabha. It covers the standing of the Nationwide Inexperienced Hydrogen Mission (NGHM), PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana (PMSGMBY) and the geothermal vitality section. Edited excerpts…
Progress below NGHM
The NGHM is being executed to place India as a worldwide hub for the manufacturing, use and export of inexperienced hydrogen and its derivatives. Beneath the mission, 3,000 MW each year of electrolyser manufacturing capability and 862,000 tpa of inexperienced hydrogen manufacturing capability have been awarded. The inexperienced ammonia market noticed vital momentum because the Photo voltaic Power Company of India found costs for the manufacturing and provide of 724,000 mtpa of inexperienced ammonia to 13 fertiliser items throughout the nation.
The Moreover, the mission has performed a key position in accelerating the adoption of inexperienced hydrogen throughout high-emitting sectors. Beneath the mission, 20,000 tpa of inexperienced hydrogen manufacturing and provide capability has been awarded for offtake by main public sector oil advertising and marketing corporations, together with Indian Oil Company Restricted, Bharat Petroleum Company Restricted and Hindustan Petroleum Company Restricted. The mission can be advancing sector-specific purposes, with 5 pilot tasks sanctioned for the usage of hydrogen within the metal sector. Within the maritime section, the V.O. Chidambaranar Port Authority has awarded a undertaking for growing bunkering and refuelling services for inexperienced methanol on the port. On the mobility entrance, 5 pilot tasks have been authorized for deploying 37 hydrogen-fuelled automobiles supported by 9 hydrogen refuelling stations throughout 10 routes in numerous components of India.
In parallel, 4 tasks have been awarded to be developed as Hydrogen Valley Innovation Clusters these are: Jodhpur hydrogen valley, Odisha hydrogen valley, Pune hydrogen valley, and Kerala hydrogen valley. To strengthen the home innovation base, 23 tasks have been sanctioned below the analysis and growth scheme of the mission, whereas 5 tasks have been authorized for establishing testing services, underscoring the federal government’s deal with constructing a complete inexperienced hydrogen worth chain.
The Ministry of New and Renewable Power (MNRE) has additionally suggested states to include inexperienced hydrogen-specific provisions inside their coverage frameworks to help sooner adoption on the sub-national stage. A number of states have responded proactively to this steering. Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal and now Gujarat have notified devoted inexperienced hydrogen insurance policies, signalling a transparent intent to construct targeted hydrogen ecosystems. In the meantime, states resembling Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Telangana, Rajasthan and Chhattisgarh have embedded facilitative provisions for inexperienced hydrogen inside their current renewable vitality, vitality or industrial insurance policies, reflecting a rising alignment between central aims and state-level implementation.
The mission doc additionally underscores a whole-of-government strategy, below which a number of ministries and departments are inspired to align their mandates with the aims of the NGHM. Whereas the MNRE has been designated because the nodal company for general coordination and implementation, different ministries have been assigned clearly outlined roles to help the event of a complete inexperienced hydrogen ecosystem. These embrace the Ministry of Energy, for making certain the supply of low-cost renewable vitality; the Ministry of Petroleum and Pure Fuel, for enabling hydrogen uptake in refineries and metropolis fuel distribution; and the Ministry of Chemical substances and Fertilisers, for selling the usage of indigenous inexperienced ammonia-based fertilisers to scale back import dependence.
As well as, sector-specific ministries such because the Ministry of Street Transport and Highways; the Ministry of Metal; and the Ministry of Ports, Transport and Waterways have been tasked with driving the adoption of inexperienced hydrogen and its derivatives throughout transport, steelmaking and maritime purposes, together with the event of refuelling and bunkering infrastructure. The Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Commerce and Business are anticipated to help the mission by means of appropriate fiscal frameworks, funding facilitation and ease-of-doing-business measures. Scientific and analysis establishments throughout departments have been introduced collectively to construct a goal-oriented analysis and innovation programme, whereas the Ministry of Exterior Affairs is facilitating worldwide partnerships. The Ministry of Talent Improvement and Entrepreneurship, together with state governments and companies, has additionally been assigned a vital position in constructing workforce capabilities and enabling undertaking growth, reinforcing the mission’s coordinated, multi-ministerial implementation technique.
Progress below PMSGMBY
The Indian authorities is steadily advancing the implementation of the PMSGMBY, which goals to cowl 10 million households with rooftop photo voltaic techniques by monetary 12 months (FY) 2026-27. As of December 2025, rooftop photo voltaic techniques have been put in throughout 2,396,497 households, representing about 23.96 per cent of the general goal. The scheme, which is demand-driven in nature, is open to all residential customers with grid-connected electrical energy provided by native discoms, who can apply by means of the scheme’s nationwide portal.
Progress below the scheme has gathered momentum, with 5,354,099 purposes acquired on the portal to this point and 1,917,698 rooftop photo voltaic techniques put in nationwide as of December 3, 2025. For FY2025-26, the federal government has set a goal of masking 3.5 million households and has launched a collection of measures to speed up deployment. These embrace a completely on-line course of from registration to direct subsidy disbursal into customers’ financial institution accounts, the supply of collateral-free loans from nationalised banks at a concessional rate of interest of the repo price plus 50 foundation factors, and regulatory simplifications resembling waiving technical feasibility necessities and enabling computerized load enhancement as much as 10 kW.
To additional ease adoption, the scheme has included RESCO and utility-led aggregation fashions, built-in web metering agreements inside the nationwide portal and simplified vendor registration to make sure sufficient availability of certified installers. In parallel, capacity-building and coaching programmes are being performed to develop expert manpower, whereas intensive consciousness campaigns are being rolled out by means of print, tv, radio and regional media channels. Common monitoring by means of state-level evaluations and regional conferences, together with a longtime grievance redressal mechanism supported by a multilingual name centre working by means of helpline quantity 15555, has helped strengthen on-ground implementation and shopper confidence within the scheme.
Give attention to geothermal vitality
The MNRE can be venturing into new areas of fresh vitality growth, with a renewed deal with tapping India’s geothermal potential. On this context, the not too long ago notified Nationwide Coverage on Geothermal Power, issued on September 15, 2025, seeks to create an enabling ecosystem by encouraging bilateral and multilateral expertise partnerships, information switch, and joint analysis and growth to leverage international experience and confirmed geothermal applied sciences suited to Indian circumstances. As a part of this effort, the MNRE has established cooperation mechanisms with Australia, Iceland, Saudi Arabia and the US within the geothermal vitality sector.
Useful resource assessments underpinning the coverage point out vital untapped potential. Based mostly on the Geothermal Atlas (2022) launched by the Geological Survey of India (GSI), India’s estimated theoretical geothermal useful resource potential stands at round 10,600 MW. The GSI has mapped and documented 381 sizzling springs throughout the nation, and 42 geothermal manifestations have been recognized as promising for energy technology and direct warmth purposes. These 42 websites have been explicitly recognised within the Nationwide Coverage on Geothermal Power as precedence areas for additional exploration and growth.
Notably, the coverage additionally highlights progressive pathways for accelerating deployment, together with the repurposing of deserted oil and fuel wells for geothermal vitality restoration. It offers for technical steering, pilot demonstrations and regulatory facilitation to allow the conversion of appropriate wells into geothermal manufacturing belongings. As a part of this pilot-led strategy, an R&D undertaking has been sanctioned to IIT Madras to discover the feasibility of harnessing geothermal vitality from deserted oil wells, signalling a practical push to combine geothermal options into India’s broader clear vitality transition.
